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year={1991},
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url={https://cs.brown.edu/research/pubs/theses/masters/1991/hsu.pdf},
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}
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@article{hsu1992direct,
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title={Direct Manipulation of Free-Form Deformations},
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author={Hsu, William M and Hughes, John F and Kaufman, Henry},
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journal={Computer Graphics},
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volume={26},
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pages={2},
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year={1992},
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url={http://graphics.cs.brown.edu/~jfh/papers/Hsu-DMO-1992/paper.pdf},
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}
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@inproceedings{Menzel2006,
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author = {Menzel, Stefan and Olhofer, Markus and Sendhoff, Bernhard},
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title = {Direct Manipulation of Free Form Deformation in Evolutionary Design Optimisation},
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booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature},
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series = {PPSN'06},
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year = {2006},
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isbn = {3-540-38990-3, 978-3-540-38990-3},
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location = {Reykjavik, Iceland},
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pages = {352--361},
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numpages = {10},
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url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11844297_36},
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doi = {10.1007/11844297_36},
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acmid = {2079770},
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publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
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address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
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}
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\setcounter{Hfootnote}{2}
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\setcounter{bookmark@seq@number}{16}
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21
arbeit/ma.md
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arbeit/ma.md
@ -78,24 +78,39 @@ model follows in an intuitive manner. The deformation is smooth as the underlyin
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vertices of the model as needed. Moreover the changes are always local so one risks not any change that a user cannot immediately see.
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But there are also disadvantages of this approach. The user loses the ability to directly influence vertices and even seemingly simple tasks as
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creating a plateau can be difficult to achieve\cite[chapter~3.2]{hsu1991dmffd}\todo{cite [24] aus \ref{anrichterEvol}}.
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creating a plateau can be difficult to achieve\cite[chapter~3.2]{hsu1991dmffd}\cite{hsu1992direct}.
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This disadvantages led to the formulation of \acf{DM-FFD}\cite[chapter~3.3]{hsu1991dmffd} in which the user directly interacts with the surface-mesh.
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All interactions will be applied proportionally to the control-points that make up the parametrization of the interaction-point
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itself yielding a smooth deformation of the surface *at* the surface without seemingly arbitrary scattered control-points.
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Moreover this increases the efficiency of an evolutionary optimization\todo{cite [25] aus \ref{anrichterEvol}}, which we will use later on.
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Moreover this increases the efficiency of an evolutionary optimization\cite{Menzel2006}, which we will use later on.
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But this approach also has downsides as can be seen in \cite[figure~7]{hsu1991dmffd}\todo{figure hier einfügen?}, as the tessellation of
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the invisible grid has a major impact on the deformation itself.
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All in all \ac{FFD} and \ac{DM-FFD} are still good ways to deform a high-polygon mesh albeit the downsides.
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## What is evaluational optimization?
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## What is evolutional optimization?
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## Wieso ist evo-Opt so cool?
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The main advantage of evolutional algorithms is the ability to find optima of general functions just with the help of a given
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error-function (or fitness-function in this domain). This avoids the general pitfalls of gradient-based procedures, which often
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target the same error-function as an evolutional algorithm, but can get stuck in local optima.
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This is mostly due to the fact that a gradient-based procedure has only one point of observation from where it evaluates the next
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steps, whereas an evolutional strategy starts with a population of guessed solutions. Because an evolutional strategy modifies
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the solution randomly, keeps the best solutions and purges the worst, it can also target multiple different hypothesis at the same time
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where the local optima die out in the face of other, better candidates.
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If an analytic best solution exists (i.e. because the error-function is convex) an evolutional algorithm is not the right choice. Although
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both converge to the same solution, the analytic one is usually faster. But in reality many problems have no analytic solution, because
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the problem is not convex. Here evolutional optimization has one more advantage as you get bad solutions fast, which refine over time.
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## Evolvierbarkeitskriterien
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- Konditionszahl etc.
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@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ any change that a user cannot immediately see.
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But there are also disadvantages of this approach. The user loses the
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ability to directly influence vertices and even seemingly simple tasks
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as creating a plateau can be difficult to
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achieve\cite[chapter~3.2]{hsu1991dmffd}\todo{cite [24] aus \ref{anrichterEvol}}.
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achieve\cite[chapter~3.2]{hsu1991dmffd}\cite{hsu1992direct}.
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This disadvantages led to the formulation of
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\acf{DM-FFD}\cite[chapter~3.3]{hsu1991dmffd} in which the user directly
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@ -229,8 +229,7 @@ proportionally to the control-points that make up the parametrization of
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the interaction-point itself yielding a smooth deformation of the
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surface \emph{at} the surface without seemingly arbitrary scattered
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control-points. Moreover this increases the efficiency of an
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evolutionary optimization\todo{cite [25] aus \ref{anrichterEvol}}, which
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we will use later on.
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evolutionary optimization\cite{Menzel2006}, which we will use later on.
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But this approach also has downsides as can be seen in
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\cite[figure~7]{hsu1991dmffd}\todo{figure hier einfügen?}, as the
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@ -240,11 +239,32 @@ itself.
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All in all \ac{FFD} and \ac{DM-FFD} are still good ways to deform a
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high-polygon mesh albeit the downsides.
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\section{What is evaluational
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optimization?}\label{what-is-evaluational-optimization}
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\section{What is evolutional
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optimization?}\label{what-is-evolutional-optimization}
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\section{Wieso ist evo-Opt so cool?}\label{wieso-ist-evo-opt-so-cool}
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The main advantage of evolutional algorithms is the ability to find
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optima of general functions just with the help of a given error-function
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(or fitness-function in this domain). This avoids the general pitfalls
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of gradient-based procedures, which often target the same error-function
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as an evolutional algorithm, but can get stuck in local optima.
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This is mostly due to the fact that a gradient-based procedure has only
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one point of observation from where it evaluates the next steps, whereas
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an evolutional strategy starts with a population of guessed solutions.
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Because an evolutional strategy modifies the solution randomly, keeps
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the best solutions and purges the worst, it can also target multiple
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different hypothesis at the same time where the local optima die out in
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the face of other, better candidates.
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If an analytic best solution exists (i.e.~because the error-function is
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convex) an evolutional algorithm is not the right choice. Although both
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converge to the same solution, the analytic one is usually faster. But
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in reality many problems have no analytic solution, because the problem
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is not convex. Here evolutional optimization has one more advantage as
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you get bad solutions fast, which refine over time.
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\section{Evolvierbarkeitskriterien}\label{evolvierbarkeitskriterien}
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\begin{itemize}
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