// dear imgui: Renderer Backend for DirectX9 // This needs to be used along with a Platform Backend (e.g. Win32) // Implemented features: // [X] Renderer: User texture binding. Use 'LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9' as ImTextureID. Read the FAQ about ImTextureID! // [X] Renderer: Multi-viewport support. Enable with 'io.ConfigFlags |= ImGuiConfigFlags_ViewportsEnable'. // [X] Renderer: Support for large meshes (64k+ vertices) with 16-bit indices. // You can copy and use unmodified imgui_impl_* files in your project. See examples/ folder for examples of using this. // If you are new to Dear ImGui, read documentation from the docs/ folder + read the top of imgui.cpp. // Read online: https://github.com/ocornut/imgui/tree/master/docs // CHANGELOG // (minor and older changes stripped away, please see git history for details) // 2020-XX-XX: Platform: Added support for multiple windows via the ImGuiPlatformIO interface. // 2019-05-29: DirectX9: Added support for large mesh (64K+ vertices), enable ImGuiBackendFlags_RendererHasVtxOffset flag. // 2019-04-30: DirectX9: Added support for special ImDrawCallback_ResetRenderState callback to reset render state. // 2019-03-29: Misc: Fixed erroneous assert in ImGui_ImplDX9_InvalidateDeviceObjects(). // 2019-01-16: Misc: Disabled fog before drawing UI's. Fixes issue #2288. // 2018-11-30: Misc: Setting up io.BackendRendererName so it can be displayed in the About Window. // 2018-06-08: Misc: Extracted imgui_impl_dx9.cpp/.h away from the old combined DX9+Win32 example. // 2018-06-08: DirectX9: Use draw_data->DisplayPos and draw_data->DisplaySize to setup projection matrix and clipping rectangle. // 2018-05-07: Render: Saving/restoring Transform because they don't seem to be included in the StateBlock. Setting shading mode to Gouraud. // 2018-02-16: Misc: Obsoleted the io.RenderDrawListsFn callback and exposed ImGui_ImplDX9_RenderDrawData() in the .h file so you can call it yourself. // 2018-02-06: Misc: Removed call to ImGui::Shutdown() which is not available from 1.60 WIP, user needs to call CreateContext/DestroyContext themselves. #include "imgui.h" #include "imgui_impl_dx9.h" // DirectX #include <d3d9.h> #define DIRECTINPUT_VERSION 0x0800 #include <dinput.h> // DirectX data static LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pd3dDevice = NULL; static LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_pVB = NULL; static LPDIRECT3DINDEXBUFFER9 g_pIB = NULL; static LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 g_FontTexture = NULL; static int g_VertexBufferSize = 5000, g_IndexBufferSize = 10000; struct CUSTOMVERTEX { float pos[3]; D3DCOLOR col; float uv[2]; }; #define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZ|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE|D3DFVF_TEX1) // Forward Declarations static void ImGui_ImplDX9_InitPlatformInterface(); static void ImGui_ImplDX9_ShutdownPlatformInterface(); static void ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateDeviceObjectsForPlatformWindows(); static void ImGui_ImplDX9_InvalidateDeviceObjectsForPlatformWindows(); static void ImGui_ImplDX9_SetupRenderState(ImDrawData* draw_data) { // Setup viewport D3DVIEWPORT9 vp; vp.X = vp.Y = 0; vp.Width = (DWORD)draw_data->DisplaySize.x; vp.Height = (DWORD)draw_data->DisplaySize.y; vp.MinZ = 0.0f; vp.MaxZ = 1.0f; g_pd3dDevice->SetViewport(&vp); // Setup render state: fixed-pipeline, alpha-blending, no face culling, no depth testing, shade mode (for gradient) g_pd3dDevice->SetPixelShader(NULL); g_pd3dDevice->SetVertexShader(NULL); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, FALSE); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, TRUE); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHATESTENABLE, FALSE); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_BLENDOP, D3DBLENDOP_ADD); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SRCBLEND, D3DBLEND_SRCALPHA); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_DESTBLEND, D3DBLEND_INVSRCALPHA); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SCISSORTESTENABLE, TRUE); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_SHADEMODE, D3DSHADE_GOURAUD); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_FOGENABLE, FALSE); g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLOROP, D3DTOP_MODULATE); g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_COLORARG2, D3DTA_DIFFUSE); g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAOP, D3DTOP_MODULATE); g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE); g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState(0, D3DTSS_ALPHAARG2, D3DTA_DIFFUSE); g_pd3dDevice->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MINFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR); g_pd3dDevice->SetSamplerState(0, D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER, D3DTEXF_LINEAR); // Setup orthographic projection matrix // Our visible imgui space lies from draw_data->DisplayPos (top left) to draw_data->DisplayPos+data_data->DisplaySize (bottom right). DisplayPos is (0,0) for single viewport apps. // Being agnostic of whether <d3dx9.h> or <DirectXMath.h> can be used, we aren't relying on D3DXMatrixIdentity()/D3DXMatrixOrthoOffCenterLH() or DirectX::XMMatrixIdentity()/DirectX::XMMatrixOrthographicOffCenterLH() { float L = draw_data->DisplayPos.x + 0.5f; float R = draw_data->DisplayPos.x + draw_data->DisplaySize.x + 0.5f; float T = draw_data->DisplayPos.y + 0.5f; float B = draw_data->DisplayPos.y + draw_data->DisplaySize.y + 0.5f; D3DMATRIX mat_identity = { { { 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f } } }; D3DMATRIX mat_projection = { { { 2.0f/(R-L), 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f/(T-B), 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, (L+R)/(L-R), (T+B)/(B-T), 0.5f, 1.0f } } }; g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &mat_identity); g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &mat_identity); g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &mat_projection); } } // Render function. void ImGui_ImplDX9_RenderDrawData(ImDrawData* draw_data) { // Avoid rendering when minimized if (draw_data->DisplaySize.x <= 0.0f || draw_data->DisplaySize.y <= 0.0f) return; // Create and grow buffers if needed if (!g_pVB || g_VertexBufferSize < draw_data->TotalVtxCount) { if (g_pVB) { g_pVB->Release(); g_pVB = NULL; } g_VertexBufferSize = draw_data->TotalVtxCount + 5000; if (g_pd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(g_VertexBufferSize * sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX), D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC | D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pVB, NULL) < 0) return; } if (!g_pIB || g_IndexBufferSize < draw_data->TotalIdxCount) { if (g_pIB) { g_pIB->Release(); g_pIB = NULL; } g_IndexBufferSize = draw_data->TotalIdxCount + 10000; if (g_pd3dDevice->CreateIndexBuffer(g_IndexBufferSize * sizeof(ImDrawIdx), D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC | D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY, sizeof(ImDrawIdx) == 2 ? D3DFMT_INDEX16 : D3DFMT_INDEX32, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pIB, NULL) < 0) return; } // Backup the DX9 state IDirect3DStateBlock9* d3d9_state_block = NULL; if (g_pd3dDevice->CreateStateBlock(D3DSBT_ALL, &d3d9_state_block) < 0) return; // Backup the DX9 transform (DX9 documentation suggests that it is included in the StateBlock but it doesn't appear to) D3DMATRIX last_world, last_view, last_projection; g_pd3dDevice->GetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &last_world); g_pd3dDevice->GetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &last_view); g_pd3dDevice->GetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &last_projection); // Copy and convert all vertices into a single contiguous buffer, convert colors to DX9 default format. // FIXME-OPT: This is a waste of resource, the ideal is to use imconfig.h and // 1) to avoid repacking colors: #define IMGUI_USE_BGRA_PACKED_COLOR // 2) to avoid repacking vertices: #define IMGUI_OVERRIDE_DRAWVERT_STRUCT_LAYOUT struct ImDrawVert { ImVec2 pos; float z; ImU32 col; ImVec2 uv; } CUSTOMVERTEX* vtx_dst; ImDrawIdx* idx_dst; if (g_pVB->Lock(0, (UINT)(draw_data->TotalVtxCount * sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX)), (void**)&vtx_dst, D3DLOCK_DISCARD) < 0) return; if (g_pIB->Lock(0, (UINT)(draw_data->TotalIdxCount * sizeof(ImDrawIdx)), (void**)&idx_dst, D3DLOCK_DISCARD) < 0) return; for (int n = 0; n < draw_data->CmdListsCount; n++) { const ImDrawList* cmd_list = draw_data->CmdLists[n]; const ImDrawVert* vtx_src = cmd_list->VtxBuffer.Data; for (int i = 0; i < cmd_list->VtxBuffer.Size; i++) { vtx_dst->pos[0] = vtx_src->pos.x; vtx_dst->pos[1] = vtx_src->pos.y; vtx_dst->pos[2] = 0.0f; vtx_dst->col = (vtx_src->col & 0xFF00FF00) | ((vtx_src->col & 0xFF0000) >> 16) | ((vtx_src->col & 0xFF) << 16); // RGBA --> ARGB for DirectX9 vtx_dst->uv[0] = vtx_src->uv.x; vtx_dst->uv[1] = vtx_src->uv.y; vtx_dst++; vtx_src++; } memcpy(idx_dst, cmd_list->IdxBuffer.Data, cmd_list->IdxBuffer.Size * sizeof(ImDrawIdx)); idx_dst += cmd_list->IdxBuffer.Size; } g_pVB->Unlock(); g_pIB->Unlock(); g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX)); g_pd3dDevice->SetIndices(g_pIB); g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX); // Setup desired DX state ImGui_ImplDX9_SetupRenderState(draw_data); // Render command lists // (Because we merged all buffers into a single one, we maintain our own offset into them) int global_vtx_offset = 0; int global_idx_offset = 0; ImVec2 clip_off = draw_data->DisplayPos; for (int n = 0; n < draw_data->CmdListsCount; n++) { const ImDrawList* cmd_list = draw_data->CmdLists[n]; for (int cmd_i = 0; cmd_i < cmd_list->CmdBuffer.Size; cmd_i++) { const ImDrawCmd* pcmd = &cmd_list->CmdBuffer[cmd_i]; if (pcmd->UserCallback != NULL) { // User callback, registered via ImDrawList::AddCallback() // (ImDrawCallback_ResetRenderState is a special callback value used by the user to request the renderer to reset render state.) if (pcmd->UserCallback == ImDrawCallback_ResetRenderState) ImGui_ImplDX9_SetupRenderState(draw_data); else pcmd->UserCallback(cmd_list, pcmd); } else { const RECT r = { (LONG)(pcmd->ClipRect.x - clip_off.x), (LONG)(pcmd->ClipRect.y - clip_off.y), (LONG)(pcmd->ClipRect.z - clip_off.x), (LONG)(pcmd->ClipRect.w - clip_off.y) }; const LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 texture = (LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9)pcmd->TextureId; g_pd3dDevice->SetTexture(0, texture); g_pd3dDevice->SetScissorRect(&r); g_pd3dDevice->DrawIndexedPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, pcmd->VtxOffset + global_vtx_offset, 0, (UINT)cmd_list->VtxBuffer.Size, pcmd->IdxOffset + global_idx_offset, pcmd->ElemCount / 3); } } global_idx_offset += cmd_list->IdxBuffer.Size; global_vtx_offset += cmd_list->VtxBuffer.Size; } // When using multi-viewports, it appears that there's an odd logic in DirectX9 which prevent subsequent windows // from rendering until the first window submits at least one draw call, even once. That's our workaround. (see #2560) if (global_vtx_offset == 0) g_pd3dDevice->DrawIndexedPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0); // Restore the DX9 transform g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &last_world); g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &last_view); g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &last_projection); // Restore the DX9 state d3d9_state_block->Apply(); d3d9_state_block->Release(); } bool ImGui_ImplDX9_Init(IDirect3DDevice9* device) { // Setup backend capabilities flags ImGuiIO& io = ImGui::GetIO(); io.BackendRendererName = "imgui_impl_dx9"; io.BackendFlags |= ImGuiBackendFlags_RendererHasVtxOffset; // We can honor the ImDrawCmd::VtxOffset field, allowing for large meshes. io.BackendFlags |= ImGuiBackendFlags_RendererHasViewports; // We can create multi-viewports on the Renderer side (optional) g_pd3dDevice = device; g_pd3dDevice->AddRef(); if (io.ConfigFlags & ImGuiConfigFlags_ViewportsEnable) ImGui_ImplDX9_InitPlatformInterface(); return true; } void ImGui_ImplDX9_Shutdown() { ImGui_ImplDX9_ShutdownPlatformInterface(); ImGui_ImplDX9_InvalidateDeviceObjects(); if (g_pd3dDevice) { g_pd3dDevice->Release(); g_pd3dDevice = NULL; } } static bool ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateFontsTexture() { // Build texture atlas ImGuiIO& io = ImGui::GetIO(); unsigned char* pixels; int width, height, bytes_per_pixel; io.Fonts->GetTexDataAsRGBA32(&pixels, &width, &height, &bytes_per_pixel); // Upload texture to graphics system g_FontTexture = NULL; if (g_pd3dDevice->CreateTexture(width, height, 1, D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC, D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_FontTexture, NULL) < 0) return false; D3DLOCKED_RECT tex_locked_rect; if (g_FontTexture->LockRect(0, &tex_locked_rect, NULL, 0) != D3D_OK) return false; for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) memcpy((unsigned char*)tex_locked_rect.pBits + tex_locked_rect.Pitch * y, pixels + (width * bytes_per_pixel) * y, (width * bytes_per_pixel)); g_FontTexture->UnlockRect(0); // Store our identifier io.Fonts->TexID = (ImTextureID)g_FontTexture; return true; } bool ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateDeviceObjects() { if (!g_pd3dDevice) return false; if (!ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateFontsTexture()) return false; ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateDeviceObjectsForPlatformWindows(); return true; } void ImGui_ImplDX9_InvalidateDeviceObjects() { if (!g_pd3dDevice) return; if (g_pVB) { g_pVB->Release(); g_pVB = NULL; } if (g_pIB) { g_pIB->Release(); g_pIB = NULL; } if (g_FontTexture) { g_FontTexture->Release(); g_FontTexture = NULL; ImGui::GetIO().Fonts->TexID = NULL; } // We copied g_pFontTextureView to io.Fonts->TexID so let's clear that as well. ImGui_ImplDX9_InvalidateDeviceObjectsForPlatformWindows(); } void ImGui_ImplDX9_NewFrame() { if (!g_FontTexture) ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateDeviceObjects(); } //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // MULTI-VIEWPORT / PLATFORM INTERFACE SUPPORT // This is an _advanced_ and _optional_ feature, allowing the backend to create and handle multiple viewports simultaneously. // If you are new to dear imgui or creating a new binding for dear imgui, it is recommended that you completely ignore this section first.. //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Helper structure we store in the void* RenderUserData field of each ImGuiViewport to easily retrieve our backend data. struct ImGuiViewportDataDx9 { IDirect3DSwapChain9* SwapChain; D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp; ImGuiViewportDataDx9() { SwapChain = NULL; ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS)); } ~ImGuiViewportDataDx9() { IM_ASSERT(SwapChain == NULL); } }; static void ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateWindow(ImGuiViewport* viewport) { ImGuiViewportDataDx9* data = IM_NEW(ImGuiViewportDataDx9)(); viewport->RendererUserData = data; // PlatformHandleRaw should always be a HWND, whereas PlatformHandle might be a higher-level handle (e.g. GLFWWindow*, SDL_Window*). // Some backends will leave PlatformHandleRaw NULL, in which case we assume PlatformHandle will contain the HWND. HWND hwnd = viewport->PlatformHandleRaw ? (HWND)viewport->PlatformHandleRaw : (HWND)viewport->PlatformHandle; IM_ASSERT(hwnd != 0); ZeroMemory(&data->d3dpp, sizeof(D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS)); data->d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE; data->d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; data->d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = (UINT)viewport->Size.x; data->d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = (UINT)viewport->Size.y; data->d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN; data->d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hwnd; data->d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = FALSE; data->d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16; data->d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE; // Present without vsync HRESULT hr = g_pd3dDevice->CreateAdditionalSwapChain(&data->d3dpp, &data->SwapChain); IM_UNUSED(hr); IM_ASSERT(hr == D3D_OK); IM_ASSERT(data->SwapChain != NULL); } static void ImGui_ImplDX9_DestroyWindow(ImGuiViewport* viewport) { // The main viewport (owned by the application) will always have RendererUserData == NULL since we didn't create the data for it. if (ImGuiViewportDataDx9* data = (ImGuiViewportDataDx9*)viewport->RendererUserData) { if (data->SwapChain) data->SwapChain->Release(); data->SwapChain = NULL; ZeroMemory(&data->d3dpp, sizeof(D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS)); IM_DELETE(data); } viewport->RendererUserData = NULL; } static void ImGui_ImplDX9_SetWindowSize(ImGuiViewport* viewport, ImVec2 size) { ImGuiViewportDataDx9* data = (ImGuiViewportDataDx9*)viewport->RendererUserData; if (data->SwapChain) { data->SwapChain->Release(); data->SwapChain = NULL; data->d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = (UINT)size.x; data->d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = (UINT)size.y; HRESULT hr = g_pd3dDevice->CreateAdditionalSwapChain(&data->d3dpp, &data->SwapChain); IM_UNUSED(hr); IM_ASSERT(hr == D3D_OK); } } static void ImGui_ImplDX9_RenderWindow(ImGuiViewport* viewport, void*) { ImGuiViewportDataDx9* data = (ImGuiViewportDataDx9*)viewport->RendererUserData; ImVec4 clear_color = ImVec4(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 render_target = NULL; LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 last_render_target = NULL; LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 last_depth_stencil = NULL; data->SwapChain->GetBackBuffer(0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &render_target); g_pd3dDevice->GetRenderTarget(0, &last_render_target); g_pd3dDevice->GetDepthStencilSurface(&last_depth_stencil); g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderTarget(0, render_target); g_pd3dDevice->SetDepthStencilSurface(NULL); if (!(viewport->Flags & ImGuiViewportFlags_NoRendererClear)) { D3DCOLOR clear_col_dx = D3DCOLOR_RGBA((int)(clear_color.x*255.0f), (int)(clear_color.y*255.0f), (int)(clear_color.z*255.0f), (int)(clear_color.w*255.0f)); g_pd3dDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, clear_col_dx, 1.0f, 0); } ImGui_ImplDX9_RenderDrawData(viewport->DrawData); // Restore render target g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderTarget(0, last_render_target); g_pd3dDevice->SetDepthStencilSurface(last_depth_stencil); render_target->Release(); last_render_target->Release(); if (last_depth_stencil) last_depth_stencil->Release(); } static void ImGui_ImplDX9_SwapBuffers(ImGuiViewport* viewport, void*) { ImGuiViewportDataDx9* data = (ImGuiViewportDataDx9*)viewport->RendererUserData; HRESULT hr = data->SwapChain->Present(NULL, NULL, data->d3dpp.hDeviceWindow, NULL, NULL); // Let main application handle D3DERR_DEVICELOST by resetting the device. IM_ASSERT(hr == D3D_OK || hr == D3DERR_DEVICELOST); } static void ImGui_ImplDX9_InitPlatformInterface() { ImGuiPlatformIO& platform_io = ImGui::GetPlatformIO(); platform_io.Renderer_CreateWindow = ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateWindow; platform_io.Renderer_DestroyWindow = ImGui_ImplDX9_DestroyWindow; platform_io.Renderer_SetWindowSize = ImGui_ImplDX9_SetWindowSize; platform_io.Renderer_RenderWindow = ImGui_ImplDX9_RenderWindow; platform_io.Renderer_SwapBuffers = ImGui_ImplDX9_SwapBuffers; } static void ImGui_ImplDX9_ShutdownPlatformInterface() { ImGui::DestroyPlatformWindows(); } static void ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateDeviceObjectsForPlatformWindows() { ImGuiPlatformIO& platform_io = ImGui::GetPlatformIO(); for (int i = 1; i < platform_io.Viewports.Size; i++) if (!platform_io.Viewports[i]->RendererUserData) ImGui_ImplDX9_CreateWindow(platform_io.Viewports[i]); } static void ImGui_ImplDX9_InvalidateDeviceObjectsForPlatformWindows() { ImGuiPlatformIO& platform_io = ImGui::GetPlatformIO(); for (int i = 1; i < platform_io.Viewports.Size; i++) if (platform_io.Viewports[i]->RendererUserData) ImGui_ImplDX9_DestroyWindow(platform_io.Viewports[i]); }